Named after Anaximander - Greek astronomer (c. 611-547 B.C.).
Anaximander is a lunar crater that is located near the northwest limb. It is joined at the northern rim by the crater Carpenter, a younger and better-defined formation. To the southeast is the much larger J. Herschel, a formation of the variety known as a walled plain. The outer wall is heavily worn and eroded, with multiple notches and breaks. (wikipedia entry)
A crater is a circular depression likely created by an impact event. On the Moon they are named after deceased scientists, polar explorers, astronauts or cosmonauts.