Named after Oresme, Nicole - French mathematician (1323(?)-1382).
Oresme is a crater. It lies just to the west-northwest of the larger Von Kármán. To the southwest is Chrétien, and to the northwest is the Mare Ingenii. This crater was believed to have formed during the Nectarian epoch, about 4 billion years ago. (wikipedia entry)
A crater is a circular depression likely created by an impact event. On the Moon they are named after deceased scientists, polar explorers, astronauts or cosmonauts.