Named after Heraclitus - Greek philosopher (c. 540-480 B.C.).
Heraclitus is a complex lunar crater that lies in the rugged southern highlands. The crater Licetus forms the northern end of the formation. Just to the east is Cuvier, and due south is Lilius. (wikipedia entry)
A crater is a circular depression likely created by an impact event. On the Moon they are named after deceased scientists, polar explorers, astronauts or cosmonauts.